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estuary stingray
The estuary stingray (''Dasyatis fluviorum''), also called the estuary stingaree or brown stingray, is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae. Endemic to eastern Australia, it typically inhabits shallow, mangrove-lined tidal rivers, estuaries, and bays in southern Queensland and New South Wales. This yellow-brown to olive ray grows to at least across. It has a diamond-shaped pectoral fin disc and a mostly smooth, whip-like tail bearing both dorsal and ventral fin folds. It can additionally be identified by its long, narrow nostrils and the row of thorns along the midline of its back.
While the estuary stingray has gained infamy for consuming farmed shellfish such as oysters, it mainly feeds on crustaceans and polychaete worms. It is aplacental viviparous, with the unborn young sustained to term by maternal histotroph ("uterine milk"). Once common, this species has apparently declined across much of its range, likely from a combination of habitat degradation, mortality from commercial and recreational fishing, and persecution by shellfish farmers. As a result, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has assessed it as Vulnerable.
==Taxonomy==
The first reference to the estuary stingray in scientific literature was probably a record by 19th-century English naturalist William Saville-Kent of a "''Trygon pastinaca''" feeding on oysters in a Queensland estuary.〔 This species was formally described by Australian ichthyologist James Douglas Ogilby in a 1908 volume of ''Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland'', based on a specimen collected from the Brisbane River. The specific epithet ''fluviorum'' means "of the rivers" in Latin.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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